"On Tuesday, the member states agreed to regulate artificial intelligence in the EU. The rules are intended to make the use of AI safer in Europe.
The EU states have decided on stricter rules for artificial intelligence (AI) in the European Union. On Tuesday in Brussels, they approved the plans, which, among other things, will ban certain AI applications altogether, the countries announced. It is the first law of its kind around the world and could set a global standard for the regulation of AI.
The law aims to make the use of AI in the European Union safer. It is intended to ensure that AI systems are as transparent, traceable, non-discriminatory and environmentally friendly as possible. An important aspect is that the AI systems are monitored by people and not just by other technologies.
No "social scoring" in the EU
The plans go back to a proposal by the EU Commission in 2021. Systems that are considered particularly risky and are used, for example, in critical infrastructures or in education and healthcare will have to meet strict requirements in the future.
Certain AI applications that violate EU values are to be banned entirely.
This includes, for example, the assessment of social behavior ("social scoring"). In China, this is used to classify citizens into behavioral categories. Emotion recognition in the workplace and in educational institutions should also not be possible in the EU.
Facial recognition in public spaces - for example through video surveillance in public places - should also generally not be permitted. However, there are exceptions: the police and other security authorities should be allowed to use such facial recognition in public spaces to prosecute very specific crimes such as human trafficking or terrorism.
Criticism from the digital association Bitkom
The law applies to everyone who develops, offers or uses AI systems within the EU. This affects public and private actors both inside and outside the EU.
The digital association Bitkom criticized the fact that the AI law that has now been passed leaves important questions unanswered. In Germany and the other EU countries, the regulatory work is only just beginning, said association president Ralf Wintergerst. Whether AI will receive a boost in Germany and Europe or, above all, will face new obstacles depends crucially on how this framework is designed and the regulations are implemented in Germany.
Federal Digital Minister Volker Wissing admitted on Tuesday that the legislator is permanently challenged with a technology as rapidly changing as AI. "We cannot expect that we can conclusively clarify the questions of the future with a regulation," said the FDP politician. "That is why I have always been in favor of quickly setting out on the path to regulation, but also having the courage to continuously make adjustments." It is important that the innovation-friendliness of the regulation is always kept in mind.
After confirmation by the EU countries, the new rules will now be published in the Official Journal and will come into force 20 days later. They will then apply two years after they come into force.
If companies do not comply with the regulations, the member states must decide on sanctions. These can be fines. Private individuals who discover violations of the rules can complain to national authorities, who can then initiate monitoring procedures and, if necessary, impose penalties." [1]
1. EU-Staaten beschließen KI-Gesetz endgültig. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (online) Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung GmbH. May 21, 2024.
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