"Ukrainian police conducted
nationwide raids on draft dodger gangs on Friday as the country battles to
generate enough conscripted soldiers to keep its military competitive in the conflict against Russia without radically widening recruitment criteria.
The National Police of Ukraine said
they conducted “over 200 searches” of gangs assisting illegal border crossings
by adult Ukrainian males, who have been banned from leaving the country since
the beginning of Ukraine events in 2022. The searches “at the premises of
persons involved in illegal transactions” took place in 19 of 27 Ukrainian
regions, police said Friday.
According to the AFP news agency,
the raids against draft dodging-enabling gangs followed searches of 600
addresses last week.
In a statement, Ukraine’s police
said draft-dodging crimes are “committed through fraud, forgery of documents,
unauthorized interference in the operation of electronic registers, and bribery
of officials.”
Announcing the latest raids,
Ukraine’s police published images, including one anonymised picture
of officers wearing police and ‘Cyberpolice Department’ patches on their
coats accompanying fatigue-wearing armed officers of the national police’s
Special Patrol unit.
While Ukraine has over a million men
in its conscription army, thousands of nationals have evaded call-up orders or
registration on the national database.
As previously reported in 2023, 20,000 military-aged men were known to have
illegally crossed Ukraine’s borders by that point to flee abroad.
Ukraine’s border guards said then
they had caught another 21,000 at the frontier and brought them back into the
country. While many will presumably have fled out of concern for their own
lives, attempting to go abroad is not without risks, with the Ukrainian
government stating in Spring 2024 that they know of 30 people who died trying to flee the country.
A spokesman for the government said
those who died had attempted to get out of Ukraine by trying to cross hazardous
mountain passes, swimming border rivers, and in some cases, had even been
killed by wild animals in the wilderness, presumably bears, which are common in
that part of Europe. Some reportedly have frozen to death trying to cross the
Carpathian mountains.
It is claimed that the recent
crackdown on draft dodgers has caused “panic” among those avoiding enlistment
and the criminal gangs that support them. Even before this recent change in
tactics, military officers in “conscription squads” patrolled the streets of
Ukrainian cities, checking the identities of men to ensure they had entered
their details in the national database and were not fugitives if call-up papers
had been served.
In 2024, men were dragged out of a Kyiv nightclub
if they were unable to show their identity papers or produce proof of exception
from conscription amid overnight raids on restaurants, shops, and music venues.
UK broadcaster the BBC noted a wedding of a young Ukrainian couple where
half the guests didn’t show up because they were in hiding from conscription
and felt turning up was too risky, and noted: “For those avoiding the draft,
public transport is now off limits. So, too, are restaurants, supermarkets, and
weekend trips to the park to play football.”
The broadcaster cited the remarks of
one conscription officer who said of the people he was rounding up at train
stations: “I don’t consider them as human beings. What are they waiting for?”
Those caught dodging can face
criminal prosecution. But as reported in the Ukrainian press this week,
courts can take a lenient view in rare cases. A Poltava man who was discovered
to have been served call-up papers but who had ignored them for a year was let
off with one year on probation as the judge noted he has an elderly mother who
was dependent on his care, has a young child, and that he had made regular
donations of money to the military.
Ukraine reduced its minimum age of
conscription from 27 to 25 last year, a difficult and unpopular decision the
government had resisted in a bid to avoid a post-war demographic crisis by
risking the deaths of the country’s generation of future parents. The average
age of a Ukrainian soldier is in the 40s.
There have been protests in Ukraine by groups of wives, mothers,
and children against the fact conscription is open-ended and lasts for the
duration of the conflict. Protesters state they want their men back and call
for a return of the pre-conflict standard of an 18-month callup."
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