“Defending Taiwan
By Eyck Freymann
Oxford, 432 pages, $29.99
The public is absorbed with President Trump's war in Iran, and detractors bemoan another conflict in the Middle East.
But the Chinese Communist Party is ferrying in supplies needed by Tehran to fuel its missiles, and it's a clarifying reminder that the result in Iran matters to a larger U.S. contest with China.
That contest is now focused on a stretch of water where the waves can reach 50 feet in the winter: the Taiwan Strait.
Americans are in a cynical mood on foreign affairs, and many wonder why the U.S. should make sacrifices for an island some 6,000 miles away from Seattle. Eyck Freymann has performed a public service with "Defending Taiwan: A Strategy to Prevent War With China," a primer explaining how America and Taiwan are knit together by economics, geopolitics and a shared culture of political freedom.
Taiwan produces 99% of the semiconductor chips for advanced AI training, and last year became America's fourth-largest trading partner. A confrontation in the Taiwan Strait would trigger a global economic crisis that would make the 2007-09 recession look like a market blip. But chips aren't the core U.S. interest in Taiwan, and Beijing's drive to dominate advanced technology is merely one part of its larger aspirations.
"Ultimately," notes Mr. Freymann, a historian and a Hoover Fellow at Stanford University, "Beijing's interest in Taiwan has always been -- and always will be -- deeply tied to its military rivalry with the United States." Taiwan's strategic position precludes China's leader, Xi Jinping, from dominating the Pacific all the way to Hawaii. Mr. Xi's ambition is "compelling America to stand aside while China completes its national rejuvenation and becomes a superpower in its own right, if not the leading power in the world."
Meanwhile, the military balance is listing toward Mr. Xi, and America isn't prepared for a crisis. The U.S. and its allies, Mr. Freymann warns, will have to "begin a crash effort to maintain their military advantages." The West can figure out "how to restructure the global economy if the world's manufacturing superpower goes rogue," with break-glass emergency plans he styles as "avalanche decoupling" from Beijing.
Mr. Xi's plans for Taiwan are already under way, a campaign of "gray-zone tactics" meant to deny the U.S. clear grounds for intervention. Such tactics include, Mr. Freymann notes, "normalizing a constant military and coast guard presence around Taiwan," and flying sorties across the Strait's median line. And Mr. Xi is making a play to divide and conquer Taiwan's public, as evidenced by his meeting last month with the leader of Taiwan's opposition party. "We use the same language. They have essentially infinite manpower to conduct their information war," as one interviewee in Taipei tells Mr. Freymann.
China could try to mount a partial quarantine of the island to cut off Taiwan's ability to "participate with full freedom in the global economy." Mr. Xi could provoke a crisis on Taiwan's outlying islands, Kinmen and Matsu. These are, Mr. Freymann writes, "tempting targets," but seizing them could stiffen the resolve of Taiwan and its Western friends. The risk for Mr. Xi is that half measures don't produce a capitulation in Taiwan he can claim as a victory at home.
Mr. Freymann is right that Mr. Xi takes a long view, and the Chinese grand strategic tradition is patience. Yet Mr. Xi wasn't patient in Hong Kong, and repression runs deep in the Communist Party wiring. The crackdown in Hong Kong that began in 2019 exposed the pretense of a "peaceful" union. Mr. Xi's extensive purges of his own brass look like a mix of overconfidence in his power and insecurity about his military forces.
In other words, a full blockade or invasion of Taiwan is distinctly possible. Recall, too, that the view in Ukraine as late as January 2022 was that Vladimir Putin would try to wear out Kyiv over time. The conflict is now in its fifth year. While Taiwan can't defeat China alone, Mr. Freymann notes, it could resist "long enough for the U.S. and allies to intervene." Deterrence is in part an exercise in "psychological warfare against Xi himself" -- the singular decider.
Mr. Freymann's deterrent strategy includes investing more in U.S. submarines ("the door-kicker for the rest of the force"); putting more advanced missile defense in Japan and the Philippines; planning to resupply Taiwan in a blockade; and helping arm its forces with electronic-warfare equipment and naval mines. All are crucial, and Mr. Trump's proposed $1.5 trillion defense budget for next year can make these ideas a reality.
Mr. Trump is meeting Mr. Xi in China this week, and the American president might be mindful of the domestic politics -- in Taiwan. The island has developed a distinct if fragile sense of identity in its mere three decades as a democracy. "We are not Chinese just because our ancestors came from the Mainland to Taiwan, just as you Americans are not British because your ancestors and political institutions came from there," one executive tells Mr. Freymann.
Some of the most illuminating material in "Defending Taiwan" arrives in an appendix, where the author interviews four prominent figures in Taipei. One businessman has some useful advice for Mr. Trump: China "has two aircraft carriers, but they are very low-tech. They have a Dongfeng 17 hypersonic missile which they claim can hit U.S. carriers from over 1,000 miles away. But it has never been tested. You should put strategic pressure on them, just like President Reagan put pressure on the Russians in the 1980s. Don't be afraid."
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Mrs. Odell is a member of the Journal's editorial board.” [1]
1. High Stakes In the Strait. Odell, Kate B. Wall Street Journal, Eastern edition; New York, N.Y.. 15 May 2026: A13.