OpenAI’s artificial intelligence system GPT- 3 can write code

"Jordan Singer is a product designer at Square, the Silicon Valley mobile-payments company. He helps design the company’s smartphone apps, building the graphics, menus, buttons and other widgets that define an app’s look and feel. When he heard about GPT-3, he wondered if this automated system could do his job.

He fed the system a simple description of a smartphone app, and the computer code needed to create the app. The description was in plain English. The code was built inside Figma, a specialized design tool used by professionals like Mr. Singer.

He did this a few more times, feeding the system several more English-language descriptions alongside the matching Figma code. And when he was done, GPT-3 could write such code on its own.

If he described a simple app for posting and viewing photos as a user would on Instagram, the system generated the code needed to build it. This code was sometimes flawed. But typically, if Mr. Singer made just a tweak or two, it worked as he wanted. “It’s not absolutely perfect,” he said. “But it is very, very close.”

This behavior was entirely new, and it surprised even the designers of GPT-3. They had not built GPT-3 to generate computer code, just as they had not built it to write like Mr. Kaufman or generate tweets or translate languages. They had built it to do just one thing: predict the next word in a sequence of words.

GPT-3 analyzed digital prose on an unprecedented scale, spending months looking for patterns in huge amounts of text posted to the internet. In this way, it learned to predict the next word in a sequence. If you type a few words into GPT-3, it will keep going, completing your thought with entire paragraphs of text.

But GPT-3 can do things that previous models could not, like write its own computer code. And, perhaps more important, you can prime it for specific tasks using just a few examples, as opposed to the thousands of examples and several hours of additional training required by its predecessors. Researchers call this “few-shot learning,” and they believe GPT-3 is the first real example of what could be a powerful phenomenon.

“It exhibits a capability that no one thought possible,” said Ilya Sutskever, OpenAI’s chief scientist and a key figure in the rise of artificial intelligence technologies over the past decade. “Any layperson can take this model and provide these examples in about five minutes and get useful behavior out of it.”

But continuing to improve this technology is far from trivial. Processing all of that internet data requires a specialized supercomputer running for months on end, an undertaking that is enormously expensive. When asked if such a project ran into the millions of dollars, Sam Altman, OpenAI’s chief executive, said the costs were actually “higher,” running into the tens of millions."

 

 

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 Prisimenate naktines Šimonytės - Kubiliaus vyriausybės reformas su algų ir pensijų mažinimu krizės metu, atiduodant sutaupytus pinigus skandinavų bankams už brangesnes, negu rinkos kaina, paskolas? Tai buvo lietuvių tautos prievartavimas vardan Eligijaus Masiulio tipo pripildytų eurais dėžučių nuo alkoholinių gėrimų.

Dabar Šimonytė vėl atsiduria valdžioje. Šį kartą nėra valinskinių apgavikų, klounų ir muzikantų, Seime, kad Šimonytę paremti. Jos dauguma dabar yra trapi. Šimonytė vis dar laikosi pasenusios teorijos, kad valstybės finansai yra tokie pat, kaip ir šeimos finansai, todėl krizės metu reikia varžyti skolinimąsi, smaugti verslus ir gyventojus. Kada mes, ES, spausdiname mūsų pinigus, kiek mums reikia ir, dėl santaupų pertekliaus, infliacija neateina, priešingai - mus visą laiką persekioja japoniško tipo defliacino sąstingio galimybė - Šimonytės teorija yra unikali vyriausybių tarpe ir kenksminga. Šimonytė ir jos svetimas lietuvių tautai liberalų cirkas gali greitai netekti trapios daugumos Seime. Būkime pasiruošę duoti atkirtį.

Masks

 "A cotton mask offers far less protection than a surgical mask. If a cloth mask is all you can find, buy a thick one. Snug-fitting masks made of cotton-polyester blends will generally offer more protection. But even a very good cloth mask may only be about 30% protective; scarf or bandanna, 10% or less.

A surgical mask could offer you better protection, on the order of 60%. But here again, quality matters. Many of the masks sold on Amazon, which say they are for dust and allergens, aren't surgical masks, even though they look like the blue masks worn by nurses and doctors. A real medical-procedure mask will be cleared by the Food and Drug Administration and designated as offering one of three levels of protection. Generally, a level 2 or level 3 medical mask is best.

An N95 or equivalent mask offers the best protection and, if used properly, will filter out at least 95% of infectious particles. Online resources can help you fit the mask. In China the equivalent mask is the KN95 and in Europe the comparable designation is FFP2. The FDA has authorized for emergency use a bunch of KN95 and FFP2 masks that have been tested to show that they offer comparable protection to an N95 mask. These options are listed on the FDA's website.

Masks may also be evaluated by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, a part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that certifies masks for industrial uses. Check to see if your mask is listed in the Niosh database. Many products claim to be N95 equivalent but haven't undergone testing and may be counterfeits.

Better-quality masks can be expensive -- perhaps $5 for a single N95 mask. But having a few available for high-risk settings such as the grocery store can reduce the risk of transmission. The Department of Homeland Security has published instructions online on disinfecting and reusing N95 masks that can extend their life." [1]

The most important rule is not to overdo the disinfection, because if the virus particles get stuck in the filter, then they are harmless there, they will quickly die out and, being very small, will not harm the filter function in any way.

1. Some Masks Will Protect You Better Than Others
Gottlieb, Scott. Wall Street Journal, Eastern edition; New York, N.Y. [New York, N.Y]23 Nov 2020: A.17.