“The EU project that requires most rule-crafting—and thus enforcement—is the single market. In theory it should allow the free movement of goods, services, labour and capital across the bloc. Not so in practice. National capitals often do a shoddy job of “transposing” the laws into their domestic statute books; authorities in each member state later enforce them differently. It ought to be possible, say, for a tin of paint made for the Spanish market to be sold in France, much as one made in Ohio can be sold in Michigan. But national regulation around recycling labels to be included on each tin—different in Spain and France, for no good reason—means that in practice each place needs its own tin design. A compendium of such cross-border niggles compiled by the European Round Table for Industry, a business lobby group, runs to 290 pages of undiluted frustration.
Most irksome of all to a continent on the economic skids, the single market doesn’t work well: administrative barriers to trading services between EU countries are equivalent to a tariff of 110%, according to the IMF. Trade between EU countries is only half the level of that between American states.” [1]
1. The sleeping policeman at the heart of Europe. The Economist; London Vol. 456, Iss. 9455, (Jul 5, 2025): 32.
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