2026 m. rugsėjo 2 d., trečiadienis
Irano tiksliųjų raketų ir dronų spiečiai pradeda daryti rimtą poveikį pasaulio ekonomikai: obligacijų nuosmukis visame pasaulyje didėja --- Visame pasaulyje kyla pajamingumas dėl didelių šalių skolinimosi
Didelis pasaulinis obligacijų nuosmukis sparčiai gilėja dėl didėjančių karinių mainų tarp Jungtinių Valstijų ir Irano.
Nauji JAV oro smūgiai, nukreipti prieš Irano karinius objektus netoli Hormūzo sąsiaurio, ir vėlesni Irano atsakomieji dronų bei raketų smūgiai prieš JAV turtą Irake, Bahreine ir Jordanijoje sukėlė paniką tarptautinėse rinkose.
Gresiant neišvengiamam energijos tiekimo sutrikimui, pasaulinės naftos kainos šoktelėjo, vėl padidindamos baimes dėl infliacijos ir paskatindamos prekiautojus įkainuoti tolesnį centrinio banko palūkanų normų didinimą.
Šis geopolitinis sukrėtimas tiesiogiai susidūrė su didėjančiu investuotojų nerimu dėl didelio vyriausybės skolinimosi ir sprogstančio fiskalinio deficito. Didėjant nacionalinės skolos naštai (JAV skola neseniai peržengė 40 trilijonų dolerių ribą), investuotojai reikalauja žymiai didesnės grąžos už valstybės skolos laikymą. Dėl kilusio išpardavimo vyriausybės skolinimosi išlaidos pasiekė dešimtmečių aukštumas, sukurdamos didelę naštą šalims, kurios labai priklauso nuo skolos emisijos.
Pasaulinės obligacijų rinkos griūties mastas akivaizdus keliuose pagrindiniuose rodikliuose:
Šalis / Turtas Dabartinė būklė / Pajamingumas Etapas Ekonominė pasekmė
Jungtinės Valstijos (10 metų iždo obligacijos) pakilo iki 4,81 % dienos aukštumų, tai yra aukščiausias lygis per beveik trejus metus. Nustato vartojimo paskolų etaloną, 30 metų hipotekos palūkanų normas pakeldamas iki vienerių metų aukštumų – 6,7 %.
Japonija (10 metų JGB) pakilo ir išliko virš 3 %, pasiekdama trijų dešimtmečių aukštumas. Tai didžiulis pokytis šaliai, kuri daugiau nei dešimtmetį fiksavo pasaulines skolinimosi išlaidas dirbtinai mažomis palūkanų normomis.
Jungtinė Karalystė (10 metų valstybės obligacijos) šoktelėjo iki 5,3 %, tai yra aukščiausias lygis nuo 2008 m. vidurio. Tai labai padidina skolinimosi išlaidas kaip tik tuo metu, kai vyriausybė rengia būsimą biudžetą.
Vokietijos (10 metų trukmės obligacijų) vertė šoktelėjo iki 3,375 % – aukščiausio lygio nuo 2011 m. Tai atspindi euro zonos infliacijos baimes, kurios rugpjūtį pasiekė trejų metų aukštumas dėl kylančių energijos kainų.
Pasaulinės akcijos ir auksas. Staigus pagrindinių indeksų susitraukimas; aukso kaina nukrito apie 0,2 % iki 4 320 USD/oz. Didesnis nerizikingas pajamingumas daro nepastovias akcijas ir nepelningus turtus mažiau patrauklius dideliems fondams.
„Grįžtamojo ryšio ciklo“ rizika
Karo laikų energetikos sukrėtimų ir laisvos fiskalinės politikos derinys įkalino vyriausybes pavojingame grįžtamojo ryšio cikle. Kadangi infliacijos baimė verčia centrinius bankus, tokius kaip Federalinis rezervų bankas (vadovaujantis Kevinui Warshui), ilgiau išlaikyti aukštesnes palūkanų normas, tautų išlaidos, susijusios su skolos refinansavimu ar naujos skolos išleidimu, smarkiai išauga. Pavyzdžiui, Didžiosios Britanijos palūkanų sąskaita padvigubėjo, palyginti su vidurkiu prieš pandemiją, ir dabar sunaudoja maždaug 4 % jos nacionalinės produkcijos – sumą, kuri viršija visą jos gynybos biudžetą. Net ir iždo sekretoriui Scottui Bessentui bandant įsikišti išplėstomis obligacijų atpirkimo programomis, makro rizikos draudimo fondai ir instituciniai investuotojai toliau parduoda skolas, signalizuodami apie esminį pasaulinio deficito išlaidų pasmerkimą intensyvaus geopolitinio nestabilumo laikotarpiu.
„Pasaulio ekonomikai tenka įveikti naują iššūkį: nepaklusnią obligacijų rinką, dėl kurios skolinimosi išlaidos pasiekė aukščiausią lygį per dešimtmečius.
Antradienį obligacijų rinkų nuosmukis pagilėjo, kai Japonijos 10 metų obligacijų pajamingumas pirmą kartą nuo 1996 m. pasiekė 3 %. Kitų labai įsiskolinusių šalių rinkos turėjo savo aukščiausius rodiklius. Jungtinės Karalystės 30 metų obligacijų pajamingumas pasiekė aukščiausią lygį nuo 1998 m. Vokietijos ir Prancūzijos obligacijų pajamingumas pakilo iki aukščiausio lygio per daugiau nei dešimtmetį. JAV iždo obligacijų pajamingumas priartėjo prie 4,8 %, o paskutinį kartą jis buvo pasiektas 2025 m. sausio mėn.
Palūkanų normų kilimas turi didelių pasekmių pasaulio ekonomikai, sukeldamas spaudimą visiems – nuo būsto pirkėjų iki kredito kortelių turėtojų ir ypač vyriausybėms, kurios pastaraisiais metais daug skolinosi.
Obligacijų išpardavimas vyksta jau kelias savaites ir atspindi daugelį veiksnių. Šią savaitę po to, kai Persijos įlankoje atsinaujino kovos, įvyko naftos kainų šuolis. Kai energijos kainos kyla ir paveikia ekonomiką, obligacijų investuotojai reikalauja didesnio pajamingumo, kad kompensuotų didesnę infliaciją.
Labai įsiskolinusios šalys, įskaitant JAV, nukentėjo labiausiai. Tai atspindi investuotojų susirūpinimą dėl galimos skolų spiralės, kai didesnis pajamingumas padidina esamų skolų refinansavimo kainą, todėl reikia dar daugiau skolintis. Investuotojų teigimu, JAV technologijų įmonių išleistų obligacijų, skirtų dirbtinio intelekto bumui finansuoti, antplūdis taip pat didina pajamingumą, sumažindamas vyriausybės skolos paklausą.
Obligacijų pajamingumo padidėjimas įvyko, nepaisant finansų ministrų pastangų nuraminti rinkas, kai jie susirinko G-20 susitikime Ašvilyje, Šiaurės Karolinoje, kaip iždo sekretoriaus Scotto Bessento svečiai.
Akcijų rinkos kol kas daugiausia atlaikė obligacijų išpardavimą, nors indeksai antradienį krito. „Dow Jones Industrial Average” sumažėjo 0,8 %, S&P 500 indeksas sumažėjo 0,7 %, o „Nasdaq Composite“ indeksas prarado 1 %.
Kai kurie lažinasi, kad ilgalaikis obligacijų pajamingumo kilimas gali sukelti tai, ką daugelis laiko dirbtinio intelekto valdomų akcijų burbulu.
„Jau esame pavojaus zonoje“, – sakė Derekas Halpenny, MUFG pasaulinių rinkų tyrimų Europos vadovas. Jis teigė, kad kuo aukštesnės palūkanų normos, tuo didesnė rizika, kad akcijų rinka atsigaus.
Centriniai bankai pereina prie agresyvesnio požiūrio kovoje su infliacija, nes karas Artimuosiuose Rytuose tęsiasi ir energijos kainos vėl kyla. Federalinio rezervo pirmininko Kevino Warsho kalba penktadienį investuotojams pateikė naujausių įrodymų, kad centrinių bankininkų manymu kova su infliacija nebaigta.
Investuotojai padidino statymus, kad FED šį mėnesį padidins palūkanų normas ir prie jų prisijungs keli kiti centriniai bankai. Rinkos įkainoja Europos Centrinio Banko, Japonijos banko ir Australijos bei Naujosios Zelandijos centrinių bankų palūkanų normų didinimą ateinančiomis savaitėmis. Tačiau obligacijų rinkos nelaukia, kol centriniai bankai imsis veiksmų.
„Padėtis Artimuosiuose Rytuose vis dar neišspręsta, o naftos kainos vėl kyla, o tai savo ruožtu reiškia, kad kyla rizika, jog infliacija ir toliau viršys centrinių bankų tikslus“, – teigė Christopheris Iggo, „BNP Paribas Asset Management“ strategas. „Dėl to centriniams bankams gali tekti didinti palūkanų normas.“
Per pastarąjį mėnesį pasaulinės naftos kainos pakilo apie 13 %, o etaloninės „Brent“ rūšies naftos kaina vėl pakilo virš 94 USD už barelį ribos. Gamtinių dujų kainos užsienyje taip pat šoktelėjo į daugiamečius aukštumus, nes Europos ir Azijos pirkėjai stengiasi gauti mažesnį SGD tiekimą.
Japonijos obligacijų rinką užklupo vienas agresyviausių išpardavimų šiais metais – 10 metų trukmės etaloninių obligacijų pajamingumas išaugo iki 3 %, palyginti su maždaug 2 % sausio mėnesį. Po dešimtmečius trukusios kovos su defliacija, Japonijoje dabar kyla infliacija. Japonijos bankas lėtai didina palūkanų normas, o tai neigiamai veikia jenos vertę.
Investuotojai mano, kad netrukus griežtinimo tempas paspartės. Pirmadienį Bessent padėjo sustiprinti šias prognozes.
„Tikiu, kad Japonijos vyriausybė ir Japonijos bankas imsis veiksmų, kurie sustiprins jeną“, – CNBC sakė Bessent.
Rinkos dabar tikisi, kad Japonijos banko palūkanų norma metų pabaigoje bus apie 1,4 %, o prieš tris mėnesius investuotojai tikėjosi, kad centrinis bankas visus metus išlaikys pagrindinę 1 % palūkanų normą.
Didėjančios skolinimosi išlaidos taip pat didina Japonijos skolos refinansavimo kainą, nes ministras pirmininkas Sanae Takaichi didina išlaidas.
Be abejo, obligacijų rinkos judėjimas buvo gana tvarkingas ir dar nesukėlė platesnio masto valiutų, akcijų ir kitų turto klasių išpardavimo.
Benas Kizemchukas, Toronto portfelio valdytojas „Wellington-Altus Private Wealth“, teigė, kad Japonijos obligacijų pajamingumas artėja prie JAV ir Europos pajamingumo.
„Tai labiau panašu į pasaulinį valstybės skolos perkainojimą“, – sakė jis. „Rinkos pradeda vertinti kainas pasaulyje, kuriame ekonomikos konverguoja.“
Didėjantis pajamingumas skatina investuotojus, tokius kaip Florianas Ielpo, „Lombard Odier Investment Managers“ portfelio valdytojas, persvarstyti savo investavimo strategijas, pagal kurias akcijoms teikiamas didesnis svoris nei obligacijoms.
Didėjant pajamingumui, pastovios obligacijų pajamos tampa patrauklesnės, palyginti su rizikingomis akcijomis. Kol kas jis vis dar teikia pirmenybę akcijoms, tačiau jo nuomonė pradeda keistis.“ [1]
1. Bond Rout Deepens Around Globe --- Yields across the world soar in a rebuke to countries' heavy borrowing. Dulaney, Chelsey; Osipovich, Alexander; McCabe, Caitlin. Wall Street Journal, Eastern edition; New York, N.Y.. 02 Sep 2026: A1.
Chinee AI Does the Work in the Factories. American AI Does Some Google Search and Sex Chats. America Wants to Make Its Own Humanoid Robots. That Won’t Be Easy.
“China already manufactures humanoid robots by the thousands. A new generation of U.S. start-ups is betting that there is still time to compete.
Teddy Haggerty knew exactly what he was up against when he decided to build humanoid robots in the United States.
Since 2022, Mr. Haggerty had been the main North American distributor for Unitree Robotics, China’s leading humanoid robot manufacturer. That role has given him a close-up view of an industry Chinese companies command, producing robots more cheaply and at a scale that American manufacturers have yet to approach.
“In China, these things are just walking around the streets,” he said. “They have so much more experience than we do.”
But in a warehouse in a leafy industrial park on suburban Long Island, Mr. Haggerty, 30, is trying to pull off a seemingly quixotic task — to produce humanlike robots in the United States.
His new company, Robo Inc., is the latest venture for a serial entrepreneur who has spent the previous decade chasing the next big thing, from drone photography and Bitcoin mining to importing protective gear during the Covid-19 pandemic. Building robots, however, means taking on an industry China has designated a strategic priority. That is a challenge of a different magnitude.
Mr. Haggerty plans to procure components from all over the world and make some in-house. But even as he sets out to establish a robotics beachhead in the United States, he has confronted a stark realization.
China has near-total dominance of the supply chain.
So building a robot entirely free of Chinese parts was not practical.
Companies that went to great lengths to cut China out of their supply chains were in the end just making a more expensive product, he said. It was far more cost-effective to import certain parts, like batteries and the aluminum skeleton that makes a robot’s body.
“There are some pieces that are already dialed in — what are you doing changing them?” he said. His office, in Plainview, shares space with a workshop littered with spare robot heads and hands, where a small team of engineers builds custom parts to adapt humanoid and four-legged robots for use in warehouse and health care work.
In some ways, Mr. Haggerty is caught between China and Washington, where officials have called for more robots to be made in the United States. He believes the result will be a more fragmented global market for humanoids: Chinese robot companies will continue to sell in their home market, while companies like his will compete for customers in the United States.
The United States and China are already vying for supremacy in artificial intelligence and semiconductors. Now robots that look and move like humans are increasingly emerging as another front in that competition. Companies in both countries increasingly see robots as the physical embodiment and next evolutionary step of A.I.
The geopolitical tensions came into sharper focus last month when the Federal Communications Commission announced a ban on the import of new models of foreign-made humanoid robots into the United States, citing national security concerns. The measure did not explicitly target China, but most new humanoid robots are made by Chinese companies.
This technology is still in the early stages of development, but supporters envision a future when humanoid robots become commonplace: cleaning homes, checking vitals in hospitals and working hazardous jobs in mines and chemical plants. But such activities would also give robots access to vast amounts of data about where and how people lived. For the United States government, this is potentially too sensitive for machines not made in America.
Right now, though, very few are.
China’s robotics industry was built on billions of dollars in state funding and grew out of the country’s world-beating electric vehicle industry. The country’s leading humanoid robotics start-up, Unitree, is preparing to go public in Shanghai at a valuation of $9 billion.
Fledgling U.S. robot makers will need substantial financial and policy support to compete, said Sunny Cheung, a fellow at the Jamestown Foundation, a think tank that studies Chinese government influence. “Merely banning Chinese robots is just the first step,” he said.
In the United States, humanoid robotics is still in its infancy. Analysts estimate that the top humanoid companies made just a few hundred robots last year. Most aren’t available for purchase by the average consumer, but instead are part of test projects with other companies in warehouses and factories.
By comparison, Unitree and another Chinese company, Agibot, together made about 10,000.
Even Elon Musk’s Optimus line of humanoids, which he recently predicted would be “the biggest product ever,” relies heavily on components made in China.
And makers of non-humanoid robots, like iRobot, the American company behind the Roomba, have struggled to compete with Chinese rivals. The Chinese supplier of iRobot took control when the company filed for bankruptcy in December.
And Chinese humanoids are far cheaper and more widely available than their American counterparts. Unitree’s flagship humanoid retails for under $14,000.
Mr. Haggerty said that after he appeared at a trade show in Las Vegas alongside a Unitree robot last year, he was flooded with inquiries from companies like Amazon and OpenAI that wanted to try out humanoids. They wanted more robots than he could import.
Start-up founders and investors say it is virtually impossible to set up factories in the United States that could compete with the output of China’s supply chain on cost. It is more expensive to pay American workers. And raw materials, from the lithium in the batteries to the aluminum molded into the skeleton, have to be obtained from China anyway.
China’s dominance over the supply chain for robots that act like humans is closely tied to its electric vehicle industry. China became the largest E.V. exporter by focusing on producing virtually every component domestically, from screws to lithium-ion batteries. Now, many of the same companies that manufacture parts for electric vehicles supply robot makers, too.
“If you are in China and you need a component, you can get it immediately — where in the United States you might get it in a couple of days,” said Brad Porter, the chief executive of Cobot, a robotics company in Santa Clara, Calif.
Mr. Porter previously spent more than a decade at Amazon, where he led the company’s effort to use robots. He pointed to Amazon’s factory in Massachusetts where it makes equipment for its warehouses as an example of successful American robot making. But these are not humanoids. They are robotic devices that convey large loads across factory floors. Mr. Porter said humanoid robots were not the right solution in most situations for Amazon.
“There was no use case at Amazon where legs conferred any advantage,” he said.
The actual usefulness of humanoids remains a live debate. Even robotics company executives concede that people are still far more efficient workers than the robots, which struggle to make complex decisions in rapidly changing settings.
While Chinese companies have a lead on producing humanoid robots, none have demonstrated a clear use case for the technology.
Chinese robots, including Unitree’s, have drawn international attention for coordinated dancing displays on Chinese television and at the Super Bowl. But these robots are following preprogrammed scripts. Creating robots capable of complex decision-making in response to the changing world remains a challenge.
More broadly, China has already established another key lead in robotics: using robots to automate manufacturing. In 2024, according to a report by the International Federation of Robotics, a nonprofit trade group, more than two million robots were working in Chinese factories, and another 300,000 were installed — more than in the rest of the world combined.” [1]
1. America Wants to Make Its Own Humanoid Robots. That Won’t Be Easy. Tobin, Meaghan; Hamja, Amir. New York Times (Online) New York Times Company. Aug 13, 2026.
Iran’s Swarms of Precise Missiles and Drones Starts Having a Serious Impact on Global Economy: Bond Rout Deepens Around Globe --- Yields across the world soar in a rebuke to countries' heavy borrowing
A severe global bond rout has deepened rapidly, driven by escalating military exchanges between the United States and Iran.
Fresh U.S. airstrikes targeting Iranian military installations near the Strait of Hormuz—and subsequent retaliatory drone and missile strikes by Iran against U.S. assets in Iraq, Bahrain, and Jordan—have triggered panic across international markets.
As energy supplies face imminent disruption, global oil prices have spiked, reigniting severe inflation fears and prompting traders to price in further central bank interest rate hikes.
This geopolitical shock has collided directly with mounting investor anxieties over heavy government borrowing and exploding fiscal deficits. With national debt loads soaring—the U.S. debt recently breached the $40 trillion threshold—investors are demanding significantly higher returns to hold sovereign debt. The resulting sell-off has driven government borrowing costs to multi-decade highs, creating a profound reckoning for countries relying heavily on debt issuance.
The scale of the global bond market collapse is evident across several key benchmarks:
Country / Asset Current Status / Yield Milestone Economic Implication
United States (10-Year Treasury) Rose to an intraday high of 4.81%, its highest level in nearly three years. Sets the benchmark for consumer loans, sending 30-year mortgage rates to a one-year high of 6.7%.
Japan (10-Year JGB) Climbed and held above 3%, reaching a three-decade high. A massive shift for a country that anchored global borrowing costs with artificially low rates for over a decade.
United Kingdom (10-Year Gilt) Jumped to 5.3%, marking its highest level since mid-2008. Heavily exacerbates borrowing costs right as the government prepares its upcoming budget.
Germany (10-Year Bund) Surged to 3.375%, its highest level since 2011. Reflects Eurozone inflation fears, which hit a three-year high in August due to soaring energy costs.
Global Equities & Gold Sharp contractions across major indexes; gold fell around 0.2% to $4,320/oz. Higher risk-free yields make volatile stocks and non-yielding assets less appealing to large funds.
The "Feedback Loop" Risk
The combination of wartime energy shocks and loose fiscal policies has trapped governments in a dangerous feedback loop. As inflation fears force central banks like the Federal Reserve (under Chair Kevin Warsh) to keep interest rates higher for longer, the cost for nations to roll over or issue new debt escalates dramatically. For instance, Britain's interest bill has doubled its pre-pandemic average, now consuming roughly 4% of its national output—a sum that eclipses its entire defense budget. Even as Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent attempts to intervene via expanded bond buyback programs, macro hedge funds and institutional investors continue to sell off debt, signaling a fundamental rebuke of global deficit spending during a period of intense geopolitical instability.
“The global economy has a new challenge to surmount: an unruly bond market that is sending borrowing costs to their highest levels in decades.
A rout in bond markets deepened on Tuesday when Japan's 10-year bond yield touched 3% for the first time since 1996. Markets in other heavily indebted nations had their own superlatives. The U.K's 30-year bond yield hit the highest level since 1998. Bond yields in Germany and France rose to their highest levels in more than a decade. The 10-year U.S. Treasury yield climbed closer to 4.8%, a level last touched in January 2025.
The run-up in interest rates has profound consequences for the global economy, heaping pressure on everyone from home buyers to credit-card holders and especially governments, which have borrowed heavily in recent years.
The bond selloff has been building for weeks and reflects a number of drivers. A jump in oil prices this week after fighting resumed in the Persian Gulf was the latest catalyst. When energy prices rise and feed through to the economy, bond investors demand higher yields to compensate for higher inflation.
Heavily indebted countries -- including the U.S. -- have been hit hardest. This reflects investor concerns about a potential debt spiral, in which higher yields drive up the cost of refinancing existing debts, requiring even more borrowing. A flood of bonds issued by U.S. tech companies to pay for the artificial-intelligence boom is also pushing yields higher by eating into demand for government debt, investors said.
The surge in bond yields comes despite efforts by finance ministers to calm the markets while assembled as guests of Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent at the G-20 meeting in Asheville, N.C.
Stock markets have mostly shrugged off the bond selloff so far, though indexes fell on Tuesday. The Dow Jones Industrial Average declined 0.8%, the S&P 500 retreated 0.7% and the Nasdaq composite lost 1%.
Some are betting that a sustained rise in bond yields could prick what many see as a bubble in AI-driven stocks.
"We're in the danger zone already," said Derek Halpenny, European head of global markets research at MUFG. He said the higher interest rates go, the risk increases of a disruptive stock-market unwind.
Central banks are shifting to a more aggressive approach to fighting inflation as the war in the Middle East drags on and energy prices climb again. Federal Reserve Chairman Kevin Warsh's speech on Friday offered investors the latest evidence that central bankers don't think the battle against inflation is over.
Investors have increased bets that the Fed will raise rates this month -- and be joined by several other central banks. Markets are pricing in rate-increases in the coming weeks from the European Central Bank, Bank of Japan and the central banks of Australia and New Zealand. But bond markets aren't waiting for central banks to act.
"The situation in the Middle East remains unresolved and oil prices are creeping back higher, which in turn means that there's a risk that inflation will continue to overshoot central bank targets," said Christopher Iggo, a strategist at BNP Paribas Asset Management. "As a result, central banks may have to raise interest rates."
Global oil prices have climbed about 13% over the past month, sending benchmark Brent crude back above $94 a barrel. Natural-gas prices overseas also jumped to multiyear highs as European and Asian buyers scramble for a smaller supply of LNG shipments.
Japan's bond market has been swept by one of the most aggressive selloffs this year, with yields on its benchmark 10-year note rising to 3% from around 2% in January. After decades battling deflation, inflation is now on the rise in Japan. The Bank of Japan has been slow to increase rates, which has been weighing on the value of the yen.
Investors believe it will soon pick up the pace of tightening. Bessent on Monday helped reinforce those bets.
"It's my belief that the Japanese government and the BOJ will do the things that will lead to a stronger yen," Bessent said on CNBC.
Markets now expect the Bank of Japan's rate to end the year at about 1.4%, while three months ago investors expected the central bank to keep its key rate on hold at 1% all year.
Rising borrowing costs are also driving up the cost of refinancing Japan's debt load as Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi boosts spending.
To be sure, the moves in the bond market have been relatively orderly and have yet to trigger a broader selloff in currencies, stocks and other asset classes.
Ben Kizemchuk, a Toronto portfolio manager at Wellington-Altus Private Wealth, said Japanese yields are coming into greater alignment with those in the U.S. and Europe.
"It's more like a global repricing of sovereign debt," he said. "Markets are beginning to price in a world where economies are converging."
Rising yields are leading investors like Florian Ielpo, a portfolio manager at Lombard Odier Investment Managers, to rethink their investment strategies that give greater weight to stocks over bonds.
As yields rise, the steady income of bonds becomes more attractive compared with risky stocks. He still prefers stocks for now, but his mind is beginning to change.” [1]
1. Bond Rout Deepens Around Globe --- Yields across the world soar in a rebuke to countries' heavy borrowing. Dulaney, Chelsey; Osipovich, Alexander; McCabe, Caitlin. Wall Street Journal, Eastern edition; New York, N.Y.. 02 Sep 2026: A1.